A cataract is a common eye condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to a gradual loss of vision. The lens, normally clear, helps focus light on the retina. When it becomes clouded by a cataract, light cannot pass through properly, resulting in blurred or dimmed vision. Cataracts typically develop slowly over time and are most often associated with aging, though they can also result from eye injuries, certain medical conditions like diabetes, or long-term use of corticosteroids. Cataracts can affect one or both eyes but do not spread from one eye to the other. While early symptoms may be mild, cataracts can eventually interfere with daily activities like reading, driving, or recognizing faces. Fortunately, cataracts can be effectively treated with surgery, where the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens. Cataract surgery is one of the most common and successful procedures worldwide, often restoring clear vision and significantly improving quality of life.
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