Episiotomy is a planned surgical cut on the perineum and posterior vaginal wall during the second stage of labor to widen the vaginal opening and facilitate childbirth.
It's objective:
- To facilitate the easy and safe delivery of the foetus.
- To reduce the stress and strain on the foetal head.
- To minimize overstretching and rupture of the perineal muscle.
Advantage:
- Laceration extending to the rectum can be avoided
- Shortening of the second stage of labor and thereby reducing the bearing down efforts.
- Minimizes intracranial injuries especially in premature babies
- Reduces foetal asphyxia.
Disadvantages:
- Excessive bleeding
- Infection
- Urinary incontinence
- Anal incontinence
- Vulval hematoma
- Dyspareunia
Post episiotomy care:
- Use ice pack immediately after birth, this will help to reduce pain and swelling.
- After 24 hours of delivery take a warm bath.
- Keep the area clean and dry
- Change pads every 2-4 hours
- Soak your perineal area in a sitz bath for 15-20 minutes, 2-3 times daily
- Take painkillers on the recommendation of the doctor
- Drink lots of water
- Include fiber in your diet for a proper bowel movement.
